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Pasa Niao: Mostly inspired by TP, but different
I will publish a git repo with all the documentation and lexicon maybe next week. But I wanted to write up a post about my current progress for some feedback.
Here, have an example (with hiragana just for fun):
あな ひん まきん はさ にあお さい。
ana pin makin pasa niao sai.
1 EXP construct language bird IMPERF
I am making a pidgin language.
This language is in big parts inspired by Toki Pona, also with the goal of using only a few morphemes, but works a little bit different. As you can see it has evidentials and aspect, a different syntax and a different vocabulary. But first things first: phonology
/m n/
/p t k/
/s/
/l/
/i e a o u/
Syllable structure is (C)V(n#). Which means that a syllable can be a vowel or a consonant vowel pair. And a coda nasal can only appear at the end of a word (as in "makin").
The language is purely isolating, uses a topic-comment structure and orders the sentence in phrases/clauses. As an example, the above sentences has three phrases.
[ana] [pin makin pasa niao] [sai].
[Topic] [Comment] [Aspect]
The topic is what you want to talk about, in this case "I". The comment is what you want to say about the topic. A comment phrase always starts with one of the evidential markers pin li sun (or puno or ma). The first one for ones own experience and feelings, the second for observations, what you have seen, the third one for hearsay. puno is for negation, ma for questions.
eni sun kaputi
it HRS broken
It is broken. (I know because someone told me.)
eni li kaputi
it DIR broken
It is broken. (I know because I saw it.)
eni pin kaputi
it EXP broken
It is broken. (I know because I did it.)
eni puno kaputi
it NEG broken
It isn't broken.
eni ma kaputi
it Q broken
Is it broken?
Interrogative questions start with sen also using the question marker:
sen nake, ma kaputi la
INT thing Q broken PERF
Which one is broken?
The idea with phrases is that there are for every type of phrase, some words that indicate it, always starting that phrase. For aspect there are la and sai. As we see in the first example they can stand on their own, but they can also be described further.
ana pin makin pasa niao, sai iaun melan ni to.
1 EXP construct language bird IMPERF day 6x two one I am making a pidgin language since/for 13 days.
Here sai iaun melan ni to is the aspectual phrase because it starts with sai. This way the language is very flexible and can use a limited number of words for each grammatical category - there are two words for aspect, but you can express about any aspect you like.
Word classes are pretty fuzzy. Content words make no lexical distinction of verbs and nouns or adjectives, it mostly depends on context and compounds can mean a lot of different things. Therefore there are some particles to clean it up. We can change the above phrase makin pasa "constructing language" into makin tu pasa a "machine for talking"/"phone", or makin kan pasa a "machine can talk"/"speaker", or pasa pai makin a "language of machine"/"programing language", or pasa no makin a "language constructed"/"conlang".
Another important type of phase is the discourse. It starts with either moi or nun. The first one puts the sentence into some context, the second is expecting a response from the listener. You can think of them as "much" and "now".
eni li kaputi, moi pite
it DIR broken much need
It is broken, but I need it.
eni li kaputi, nun ma
it DIR broken now Q
It is broken, now what?
ana pin pite pipi, nun la!
1 EXP need pee now finish
I need to pee, finish already.
Number system (yes, it has a number system) is base six. Saying the place value first, then the numbers telephone style, one by one. For example the number 7829 (base 10) is: 100125 (base 6) pronounced:
alamaka to eta to ni lima
7776x one 36x one two five
Now a longer example (the lyrics of Friends), because I think it says more than me trying to explain things.
su li pasa, ana pin ai su
2 DIR say 1 EXP love 2
You say you love me.
ana bin pasa, su li keisi
1 EXP say 2 DIR crazy
I say you crazy.
ana su pin kin kin
1 2 EXP relation relation (reduplication for intimacy and weakening)
We're nothing more than friends.
su puno kin punani tu ana
2 NEG relation genitals to 1
You're not my lover,
pin kin toto
EXP relation same
more like a brother.
ana pin alina pai su la. su ana li melan to ku la
1 EXP know of 2 PERF. 2 1 DIR 6x one four PERF
I know you since we were like ten.
I like the way the language developed by now. The hard part is to not turn it into a naturalistic one.
Accueil 
